Multi-function surgical instruments

ABSTRACT

A surgical instrument includes a housing, an energizable member, a powered deployment assembly, and a cable assembly. The energizable member is configured to supply electrosurgical energy to tissue, and is movable between a storage position and a deployed position. The powered deployment assembly is configured to selectively move the energizable member between the storage position and the deployed position. The cable assembly having a cable coupled to the housing at a first end and having a plug coupled to the cable at a second, opposite end. The cable housing one or more first wires for selectively providing electrosurgical energy to the energizable member and one or more second wires for selectively providing power to the powered deployment assembly. The plug is configured to house a battery therein for powering the powered deployment assembly via the one or more second wires.

BACKGROUND

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to surgical instruments and, moreparticularly, to multi-function surgical instruments capable ofoperating in both a bipolar mode and a monopolar mode.

Background of Related Art

Bipolar surgical instruments, e.g., bipolar electrosurgical forceps,typically include two generally opposing electrodes charged to differentelectrical potentials for conducting energy therebetween and throughtissue. Bipolar electrosurgical forceps utilize both mechanical clampingaction and electrical energy to effect hemostasis by heating tissue andblood vessels to coagulate and/or cauterize tissue. Certain surgicalprocedures require more than simply cauterizing tissue and rely on theunique combination of clamping pressure, precise electrosurgical energycontrol and gap distance (i.e., distance between opposing jaw memberswhen closed about tissue) to “seal” tissue.

Monopolar surgical instruments, on the other hand, include an activeelectrode, and are used in conjunction with a remote return electrode,e.g., a return pad, to apply energy to tissue. Monopolar instrumentshave the ability to rapidly move through tissue and dissect throughnarrow tissue planes.

In some surgical procedures, it may be beneficial to use both bipolarand monopolar instrumentation, e.g., procedures where it is necessary todissect through one or more layers of tissue in order to reachunderlying tissue(s) to be sealed. Further, it may be beneficial,particularly with respect to endoscopic surgical procedures, to providea single instrument incorporating both bipolar and monopolar features,thereby obviating the need to alternatingly remove and insert thebipolar and monopolar instruments in favor of one another.

SUMMARY

As used herein, the term “distal” refers to the portion that is beingdescribed that is further from a user, while the term “proximal” refersto the portion that is being described that is closer to a user.Further, to the extent consistent, any of the aspects described hereinmay be used in conjunction with any of the other aspects describedherein.

In accordance with the present disclosure, a surgical instrument isprovided including a housing, an energizable member, a powereddeployment assembly, and a cable assembly. The energizable member isconfigured to supply electrosurgical energy to tissue, and is movablebetween a storage position and a deployed position. The powereddeployment assembly is configured to selectively move the energizablemember between the storage position and the deployed position. The cableassembly having a cable coupled to the housing at a first end and havinga plug coupled to the cable at a second, opposite end. The cable housingone or more first wires for selectively providing electrosurgical energyto the energizable member and one or more second wires for selectivelyproviding power to the powered deployment assembly. The plug isconfigured to house a battery therein for powering the powereddeployment assembly via the one or more second wires.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, the energizable member iscoupled to an actuator disposed in the powered deployment assembly suchthat selective actuation of the actuator moves the energizable memberbetween the storage position and the deployed position.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the actuator includes aferromagnetic material and wherein the powered deployment assemblyfurther includes a magnet configured to actuate the actuator.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure, the magnet is anelectromagnet and wherein the energy source in the plug is configured toselectively produce a magnetic field around at least a portion of theelectromagnet.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the powered deploymentassembly includes a guide extending between a proximal portion and adistal portion thereof, the magnet being fixed to the distal portion andthe actuator being slidably disposed on the proximal portion.

In still yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the powereddeployment assembly further includes a biasing member disposed betweenthe magnet and the actuator, the biasing member configured to bias themagnet away from the actuator.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the surgical instrumentfurther including a switch assembly operably coupled to the powereddeployment assembly and to a source of electrosurgical energy such thatwhen the switch is activated electrosurgical energy is supplied to theenergizable member when the energizable member is in the deployedposition.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the powered deploymentassembly includes a motor configured to drive movement of theenergizable member between the storage position and the deployedposition.

Another surgical instrument provided in accordance with the presentdisclosure includes a housing, an energizable member, a powereddeployment assembly, and a switch assembly. The energizable member isconfigured to supply electrosurgical energy to tissue and is movablerelative to the housing between a storage position and a deployedposition. The powered deployment assembly is configured to selectivelytranslate the energizable member between the storage position and thedeployed position. The powered deployment assembly includes anelectromagnet disposed in the housing and configured to be selectivelyenergizable, an actuator disposed in the housing and movable along anaxis between a proximal position and a distal position, the actuatorbeing operably coupled to the energizable member, and a biasing memberdisposed between the electromagnet and the actuator to biased theelectromagnet and actuator apart from one another. Energizing theelectromagnet moves the actuator distally towards the electromagnet,thereby translating the energizable member to the deployed position. Theswitch assembly is disposed on the housing and is operably coupled tothe powered deployment assembly for selectively energizing theelectromagnet.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, the powered deployment assemblyincludes a guide extending between a proximal portion and a distalportion thereof, the electromagnet being fixed to the distal portion andthe actuator being slidably disposed on the proximal portion.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the guide includes at leastone stopper, the at least one stopper configured to provide forcontrolled linear motion of the actuator.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a cable assembly iscoupled to the housing at a first end, and has a plug at a second,opposite end, the plug adapted to connect to an energy source forpowering the powered deployment assembly.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the plug houses a batteryfor powering the powered deployment assembly.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure, the switch assemblyincludes at least one sensor, the at least one sensor adapted tocommunicate with a source of electrosurgical energy to selectivelysupply electrosurgical energy to the energizable member when theenergizable member is in the deployed position.

In accordance with the present disclosure, a surgical system is providedincluding a surgical instrument and an electrosurgical generator. Thesurgical instrument includes a housing, an energizable member, a powereddeployment assembly, and a cable assembly. The energizable member isconfigured to supply electrosurgical energy to tissue, and is movablebetween a storage position and a deployed position. The powereddeployment assembly is configured to selectively move the energizablemember between the storage position and the deployed position. The cableassembly having a cable coupled to the housing at a first end and havinga plug coupled to the cable at a second, opposite end. The cable housingone or more first wires for selectively providing electrosurgical energyto the energizable member and one or more second wires for selectivelyproviding power to the powered deployment assembly. The plug isconfigured to house a battery therein for powering the powereddeployment assembly via the one or more second wires. Theelectrosurgical generator is configured to generate electrosurgicalenergy, wherein the plug is operably coupled to the electrosurgicalgenerator to selectively supply electrosurgical energy to theenergizable member.

In an aspect of the present disclosure, the plug defines a plug housingconfigured to house the battery.

In another aspect of the present disclosure, the plug housing includes ahousing door for selectively enclosing the battery inside the plug.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, the battery isselectively replaceable.

In still another aspect of the present disclosure, the battery is a 9Vbattery, although other suitable batteries or energy sources are alsocontemplated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various aspects of the present disclosure are described herein withreference to the drawings wherein like reference numerals identifysimilar or identical elements:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical system provided in accordancewith the present disclosure including an endoscopic surgical forceps anda generator;

FIG. 2A is an enlarged, front, perspective view of an end effectorassembly of the forceps of FIG. 1, wherein jaw members of the endeffector assembly are disposed in a spaced-apart position and wherein amonopolar assembly is disposed in a storage position;

FIG. 2B is an enlarged, front, perspective view of the end effectorassembly of FIG. 2A, wherein the jaw members are disposed in anapproximated position and wherein the monopolar assembly is disposed inthe storage position;

FIG. 2C is an enlarged, front, perspective view of the end effectorassembly of FIG. 2A, wherein the jaw members are disposed in theapproximated position and wherein the monopolar assembly istransitioning from the storage position to a deployed position;

FIG. 2D is an enlarged, front, perspective view of the end effectorassembly of FIG. 2A, wherein the monopolar assembly is disposed in thedeployed position;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the proximal end of the forceps of FIG. 1 witha portion of the housing and internal components thereof removed tounobstructively illustrate the proximal end of the monopolar assemblyand a deployment assembly for deploying the monopolar assembly, whereinthe deployment assembly is disposed in an un-actuated conditioncorresponding to the storage position of the monopolar assembly;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the proximal end of the forceps of FIG. 1 witha portion of the housing and internal components thereof removed tounobstructively illustrate the proximal end of the monopolar assemblyand the deployment assembly, wherein the deployment assembly is disposedin an actuated condition corresponding to the monopolar assembly beingdisposed in the deployed position;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the proximal end of the forceps of FIG. 1 witha portion of the housing and internal components thereof removed tounobstructively illustrate the proximal end of the monopolar assemblyand another deployment assembly for deploying the monopolar assembly;

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the proximal end of a cable assemblyand plug assembly of the forceps of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6B is an exploded, perspective view of a monopolar plug of the plugassembly of FIG. 6A; and

FIG. 6C is a perspective view of the monopolar plug of FIG. 6B with abattery received therein and the cover removed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the presently disclosed surgical instruments aredescribed in detail with reference to the drawings, in which likereference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in eachof the several views.

Referring generally to FIG. 1, a forceps 10 is provided in accordancewith the present disclosure. The forceps 10, as will be described below,is configured to operate in both a bipolar mode, e.g., for grasping,treating, and/or dissecting tissue, and a monopolar mode, e.g., fortreating and/or dissecting tissue. Although the present disclosure isshown and described with respect to the forceps 10, the aspects andfeatures of the present disclosure are equally applicable for use withany suitable surgical instrument or portion(s) thereof. Obviously,different connections and considerations apply to each particularinstrument and the assemblies and/or components thereof; however, theaspects and features of the present disclosure remain generallyconsistent regardless of the particular instrument, assemblies, and/orcomponents provided.

Continuing with reference to FIG. 1, the forceps 10 includes a housing20, a handle assembly 30, a trigger assembly 60, a rotating assembly 70,a powered deployment assembly 80 (FIGS. 3 and 4), a cable assembly 90,an end effector assembly 100, and a monopolar assembly 200. Forceps 10further includes a shaft 12 having a distal end 12 b configured tomechanically engage end effector assembly 100 and a proximal end 12 athat mechanically engages housing 20. The forceps 10 is operably coupledto a source of electrosurgical energy, such as, for example, anelectrosurgical generator “G,” using a cable 92 of the cable assembly90. Cable 92 includes a first end 92 a coupled to housing 20 and abifurcated second, opposite end 92 b coupled to a plug assembly having amonopolar plug 50 and a bipolar plug 150. Monopolar plug 50 isconfigured to releasably couple to a monopolar input 2 of generator “G,”while bipolar plug 150 is configured to releasably couple to a bipolarinput 152 of generator “G.” Cable 92 includes wires (not shown)extending therethrough that have sufficient length to extend through theshaft 12 in order to provide electrical energy to end effector assembly100, e.g., upon activation of bipolar activation switch 4 a. One or moreof the wires (not shown) of cable 92 extends through housing 20 in orderto provide electrical energy to monopolar assembly 200, e.g., uponactivation of monopolar activation switch 4 b. The forceps 10 may beenergized using other suitable power sources. In some embodiments, theforceps 10 may alternatively be configured as a battery-poweredinstrument.

Continuing with reference to FIG. 1, rotating assembly 70 is rotatablein either direction to rotate end effector assembly 100 and monopolarassembly 200 relative to housing 20. Housing 20 houses the internalworking components of forceps 10.

Referring to FIGS. 2A-2B, end effector assembly 100 is attached at thedistal end 12 b of shaft 12 and includes a first jaw member 110 and anopposing second jaw member 120 pivotably coupled to one another. Each ofthe jaw members 110, 120 respectively includes a first jaw body 111 anda second jaw body 121 supporting a respective firstelectrically-conductive surface 112 and a second electrically-conductivesurface 122, and a respective first proximally-extending jaw flange 114and a second proximally-extending jaw flange 124. Flanges 114, 124 arepivotably coupled to one another to permit movement of jaw members 110,120 relative to one another between a spaced-apart position (FIG. 2A)and an approximated position (FIG. 2B) for grasping tissue betweenelectrically-conductive surfaces 112, 122. One or both ofelectrically-conductive surfaces 112, 122 are adapted to connect toelectrosurgical generator “G,” e.g., via the wires (not shown) of cable92 (FIG. 1) and are configured to conduct energy through tissue graspedtherebetween to treat, e.g., seal, tissue. More specifically, in someembodiments, end effector assembly 100 defines a bipolar configurationwherein electrically-conductive surface 112 is charged to a firstelectrical potential and electrically-conductive surface 122 is chargedto a second, different electrical potential such that an electricalpotential gradient is created for conducting energy betweenelectrically-conductive surfaces 112, 122 and through tissue graspedtherebetween for treating e.g., sealing, tissue. Bipolar activationswitch 4 a (FIG. 1) is operably coupled between electrosurgicalgenerator “G” and electrically-conductive surfaces 112, 122, thusallowing the user to selectively apply energy to electrically-conductivesurfaces 112, 122 of jaw members 110, 120, respectively, of end effectorassembly 100.

End effector assembly 100 is designed as a unilateral assembly, i.e.,where jaw member 120 is fixed relative to shaft 12 and jaw member 110 ismovable relative to shaft 12 and fixed jaw member 120. However, endeffector assembly 100 may alternatively be configured as a bilateralassembly, i.e., where both jaw member 110 and jaw member 120 are movablerelative to one another and to shaft 12. In some embodiments, a knifechannel 125 may be defined within one or both of jaw members 110, 120 topermit reciprocation of a knife (not shown) therethrough, e.g., uponactuation of a trigger 62 of trigger assembly 60, to cut tissue graspedbetween jaw members 110, 120.

Referring to FIGS. 1-2D, monopolar assembly 200 includes an insulativesleeve 210, and an energizable member 220. Insulative sleeve 210 extendsfrom the powered deployment assembly 80 (FIGS. 3-4), is slidablydisposed about shaft 12, and is selectively movable about and relativeto shaft 12 and end effector assembly 100 between a storage position(FIGS. 2A and 2B), wherein insulative sleeve 210 is disposed proximallyof end effector assembly 100, and a deployed position (FIG. 2D), whereininsulative sleeve 210 is substantially disposed about end effector 100so as to electrically insulate electrically-conductive surfaces 112, 122of jaw members 110, 120, respectively.

Energizable member 220 extends from the powered deployment assembly 80(FIGS. 3-4), through sleeve 210, and distally therefrom, ultimatelydefining an electrically-conductive tip 224. Energizable member 220 and,more specifically, electrically-conductive tip 224 thereof, functions asthe active electrode of monopolar assembly 200. The one or more wires(not shown) extending from cable 92 through housing 20 (FIG. 1), arecoupled to energizable member 220 to provide energy to energizablemember 220, e.g., upon actuation of monopolar activation switch 4 b(FIG. 1), for treating tissue in a monopolar mode of operation.Energizable member 220 is movable between a storage position (FIG. 2B)and a deployed position (FIG. 2D). In the storage position (FIG. 2B),electrically-conductive tip 224 of energizable member 220 is disposedwithin an insulated groove 126 defined within proximal flange 124 of jawmember 120, although other configurations are also contemplated.Insulated groove 126 electrically-insulates electrically-conductive tip224 of energizable member 220 from electrically-conductive surfaces 112,122 of jaw members 110, 120, respectively, and from surrounding tissuewhen disposed in the storage position. Alternatively,electrically-conductive tip 224 of energizable member 220 may only beinsulated from surface 112. In such configurations,electrically-conductive tip 224 of energizable member 220 is capable ofbeing energized to the same polarity as electrically-conductive surface122.

In the deployed position (FIG. 2D), electrically-conductive tip 224 ofenergizable member 220 of monopolar assembly 200 extends distally fromend effector assembly 100 while insulative sleeve 210 substantiallysurrounds end effector assembly 100. In this position, energy may beapplied to electrically-conductive tip 224 of energizable member 220 totreat tissue, e.g., via activation of monopolar activation switch 4 b(FIG. 1). Electrically-conductive tip 224 may be hook-shaped (as shown),or may define any other suitable configuration, e.g., linear, ball,circular, angled, etc.

As noted above, both insulative sleeve 210 and energizable member 220are coupled to powered deployment assembly 80. Powered deploymentassembly 80, as detailed below, is selectively actuatable to transitionmonopolar assembly 200 between its storage position (FIGS. 2A and 2B)and its deployed position (FIG. 2D). That is, powered deploymentassembly 80 moves insulative sleeve 210 and energizable member 220 inconjunction with one another between their respective storage positions(collectively the storage position of monopolar assembly 200) and theirrespective deployed positions (collectively the deployed position ofmonopolar assembly 200).

With reference again to FIG. 1, handle assembly 30 includes a movablehandle 32 and a fixed handle 34. Fixed handle 34 is integrallyassociated with housing 20 and movable handle 32 is movable relative tofixed handle 34. Movable handle 32 is movable relative to fixed handle34 between an initial position, wherein movable handle 32 is spaced fromfixed handle 34, and a compressed position, wherein movable handle 32 iscompressed towards fixed handle 34. A biasing member (not shown) may beprovided to bias movable handle 32 towards the initial position. Movablehandle 32 is ultimately connected to a drive assembly (not shown)disposed within housing 20 that, together, mechanically cooperate toimpart movement of jaw members 110, 120 between the spaced-apartposition (FIG. 2A), corresponding to the initial position of movablehandle 32, and the approximated position (FIG. 2B), corresponding to thecompressed position of movable handle 32. Any suitable drive assemblyfor this purpose may be provided.

Trigger assembly 60 includes trigger 62 that is operably coupled to aknife (not shown). Trigger 62 of trigger assembly 60 is selectivelyactuatable to advance the knife from a retracted position, wherein theknife is disposed proximally of jaw members 110, 120, to an extendedposition, wherein the knife extends at least partially between jawmembers 110, 120 and through knife channel 125 (FIG. 2A) to cut tissuegrasped between jaw members 110, 120.

Referring to FIGS. 3-4, the powered deployment assembly 80 is configuredfor selectively transition monopolar assembly 200 between the storageposition and the deployed position by translating insulative sleeve 210and energizable member 220 in conjunction with one another (though notnecessarily the same distance or simultaneously) between theirrespective storage positions and their respective deployed position.Powered deployment assembly 80, in one embodiment, includes a magnet,such as, for example, an electromagnet 82, an actuator 84, a guide 86,and a biasing member 88. Guide 86 extends longitudinally between aproximal portion 86 a and a distal portion 86 b and is configured tomaintain the trajectory of actuator 84 parallel to or coaxial with alongitudinal axis. In some embodiments, electromagnet 82 is fixed todistal portion 86 b and actuator 84 is slidingly disposed on proximalportion 86 a. Other powered deployment assemblies are also contemplated,such powered deployment assembly 180 detailed below with respect to FIG.5.

As shown in FIGS. 3-4, actuator 84 is coupled to insulative sleeve 210and energizable member 220. As such, the distal translation of actuator84 distally translates insulative sleeve 210 and energizable member 220.Similarly, the proximal translation of actuator 84 proximally translatesinsulative sleeve 210 and energizable member 220. When actuator 84 isadjacent proximal portion 86 a of guide 86, monopolar assembly 200 is inthe storage position (FIGS. 2A and 2B). When actuator 84 is adjacentdistal portion 86 b of guide 86, monopolar assembly 200 is in thedeployed position (FIG. 2D).

Electromagnet 82 is coupled to monopolar activation switch 4 b by way ofa deployment circuit “DC” powered via an energy source, e.g., battery56, electrosurgical generator “G,” a standard wall outlet (not shown),etc. When monopolar activation switch 4 b is activated, current is ableto flow from the energy source through the deployment circuit “DC” toproduce a magnetic field around at least a portion of electromagnet 82.In one embodiment, actuator 84 may be formed from a ferromagneticmaterial and therefore, becomes attracted to the magnetic field producedaround at least a portion of electromagnet 82 such that actuator 84 istranslated distally along guide 86 towards electromagnet 82 (FIG. 4)once monopolar activation switch 4 b is activated and the magnetic fieldis produced. In alternative embodiments, it is contemplated that aferrous alloy may be deposited on or incorporated into actuator 84.Functioning similar, when monopolar activation switch 4 b is activated,the magnetic field is produced around at least a portion ofelectromagnet 82 and actuator 84 is translated distally along guide 86towards electromagnet 82 (FIG. 4). The distal translation of actuator 84from the proximal position (FIG. 3) to the distal position (FIG. 4)transitions monopolar assembly 200 from the storage position (FIGS. 2Aand 2B) to the deployed position (FIG. 2D).

As shown in FIG. 3, biasing member 88 is disposed between electromagnet82 and actuator 84, wherein a proximal portion 88 a of biasing member 88is fixed to actuator 84 and a distal portion 88 b of biasing member 88is fixed to electromagnet 82. Biasing member 88 is configured to biaselectromagnet 82 apart from actuator 84. Thus, in order for actuator 84to translate towards electromagnet 82, the magnetic field producedaround at least a portion of electromagnet 82 has to be such that itovercomes the spring force of biasing member 88. On the other hand, whenthe magnetic field is insufficient to overcome the spring force ofbiasing member 88, e.g., when the magnetic field is removed, actuator 84is urged proximally by the bias of biasing member 88 to its initialposition relative to electromagnet 82 (see FIG. 3). Return of actuator84 proximally from the distal position (FIG. 4) to the proximal position(FIG. 3) transitions monopolar assembly 200 from the deployed position(FIG. 2D) back to the storage position (FIGS. 2A and 2B).

In some embodiments, powered deployment assembly 80 may also include astopper 81 configured to provide for a controlled linear motion ofactuator 84, and thereby, insulative sleeve 210 and energizable member220 of monopolar assembly 200. In some embodiments as shown in FIGS.3-4, powered deployment assembly 80 may include a plurality of stoppers81 a-81 d for similar purposes.

Continuing with FIGS. 3-4, housing 20 includes a switch assembly 40disposed on guide 86. Switch assembly 40 is operably coupled toelectrosurgical generator “G” by way of a monopolar circuit “MC” and isconfigured to selectively provide electrosurgical energy to energizablemember 220. Switch assembly 40 includes a proximal sensor 40 a adjacentproximal portion 86 a of guide 86 and a distal sensor 40 b adjacentdistal portion 86 b of guide 86. Sensors 40 a, 40 b are configured toidentify and communicate the location of actuator 84, and thereby, theposition of monopolar assembly 200 to electrosurgical generator “G.” Forexample, when actuator 84 is adjacent proximal sensor 40 a and,accordingly, monopolar assembly 200 is in the storage position (FIGS. 2Aand 2B), proximal sensor 40 a provides feedback to electrosurgicalgenerator “G” such that electrosurgical generator “G” is signaled towithhold electrosurgical energy, such as, for example, a monopolarvoltage-current from energizable member 220. Similarly, when actuator 84is adjacent distal sensor 40 b and, accordingly, monopolar assembly 200is in the deployed position (FIG. 2D), distal sensor 40 b providesfeedback to electrosurgical generator “G” such that electrosurgicalgenerator “G” is signaled to provide monopolar voltage-current toenergizable member 220. In alternative embodiments, proximal sensor 40 aand distal sensor 40 b may be “On/Off” switches such that when actuator84 is adjacent proximal sensor 40 a, monopolar circuit “MC” is “Off” andelectrosurgical generator “G” is unable to supply monopolarvoltage-current to energizable member 220. Similarly, in thisembodiment, when actuator 84 is adjacent distal sensor 40 b, monopolarcircuit “MC” is “On” and electrosurgical generator “G” is able to supplymonopolar voltage-current to energizable member 220.

Turning to FIG. 5, another powered deployment assembly 180 provided inaccordance with the present disclosure is shown and described. Powereddeployment assembly 180 is similar to powered deployment assembly 80 andis only described herein to the extent necessary to describe thedifferences in construction and operation thereof.

Powered deployment assembly 180 includes a motor 182 operatively coupledto a first gear 184, a switch 3, deployment circuit “DC,” and an energysource, e.g., battery 56, electrosurgical generator “G,” a standard walloutlet (not shown), etc. It is envisioned that switch 3 may be anysuitable switch, such as, for example, a double pole double throw switch(DPDT). As detailed below, when switch 3 is activated, current is ableto flow from the energy source through the deployment circuit “DC” tomotor 182 to drive motor 182 to actuate first gear 184. First gear 184is coupled to a second gear 186 such that actuation of first gear 184affects a corresponding actuation of second gear 186.

Continuing with FIG. 5, a threaded rod 188 is operably coupled to secondgear 186 and extends distally therefrom. A threaded nut 190 is operablydisposed about threaded rod 188. Threaded nut 190 includes an attachmentmember 192 configured for coupling threaded nut 190 to monopolarassembly 200 (FIGS. 2A-2D), e.g., insulative sleeve 210 and/orenergizable member 220. In operation, upon driving of motor 182, firstgear 184 is actuated to actuate second gear 186 which, in turn, rotatesthreaded rod 188, thereby translating threaded nut 190 along threadedrod 188.

In use, as threaded nut 190 is translated along threaded rod 188,insulative sleeve 210 and energizable member 220 are likewise translatedbetween their respective storage positions (FIGS. 2A and 2B) and theirrespective deployed positions (FIG. 2D), thus transitioning monopolarassembly 200 (FIGS. 2A-2D) between the storage and deployed positions.More specifically, in embodiments where switch 3 is a DPDT switch, forexample, actuating switch 3 in a distal direction drives motor 182 in a“forward” direction to rotate threaded rod 188 in a first direction suchthat threaded nut 190 is translated distally to deploy monopolarassembly 200 (FIGS. 2A-2D), while actuating switch 3 in a proximaldirection drives motor 182 in a “reverse” direction to rotate threadedrod 188 in a second, opposite direction such that threaded nut 190 istranslated proximally to retract monopolar assembly 200 (FIGS. 2A-2D).However, the opposite is also envisioned as are other suitable switchesand/or configurations thereof.

In some embodiments, threaded rod 188 further includes a distal stopper194 a and a proximal stopper 194 b. Although FIG. 5 is shown with justtwo stoppers 194 a, 194 b, it is envisioned that powered deploymentassembly 180 include any suitable number of stoppers. Stoppers 194 a and194 b are configured to limit the translation of threaded nut 190 alongthe longitudinal axis of threaded rod 188 to define a travel lengthsuitable for deploying and retracting monopolar assembly 200 (FIGS.2A-2D).

Turning now to FIGS. 6A-6C, in conjunction with FIG. 1, cable assembly90, as mentioned above, includes a bifurcated second end 92 b coupled toa plug assembly having a monopolar plug 50 and a bipolar plug 150. Insome embodiments, monopolar plug 50 includes a plug housing 52 having aninner surface 52 a. Inner surface 52 a defines a compartment 54configured for housing battery 56 which, as noted above, may be theenergy source utilized for powering powered deployment assemblies 80,180 (FIGS. 3-4 and 5, respectively), or any other suitable powereddeployment assembly. In some embodiments, compartment 54 includes arectangular cross-section, as shown in FIGS. 6A-6C. However, it iscontemplated that compartment 54 may include any cross-section suitablefor housing battery 56, e.g., depending upon the configuration, type,dimensions, etc. of battery 56.

Battery 56, as detailed above, forms part of deployment circuit “DC”(FIGS. 3-5). With respect to powered deployment assembly 80 (FIGS. 3 and4), for example, upon activation of monopolar activation switch 4 b(FIGS. 3 and 4), battery 56 supplied suitable power to create themagnetic field necessary to deploy monopolar assembly 200 (FIGS. 2A-2D).With respect to powered deployment assembly 180 (FIG. 5), as anotherexample, upon activation of switch 3 (FIG. 5), battery 56 providessuitable power to motor 182 is actuate first gear 184, second gear 186,threaded rod 188, and threaded nut 190 to deploy and/or retractmonopolar assembly 200 (FIGS. 2A-2D). In some embodiments, battery 56 isa 9V battery. However, it is contemplated that battery 56 may be anyenergy source suitable for powering powered deployment assembly 80(FIGS. 3 and 4), powered deployment assembly 180 (FIG. 5), or othersuitable powered deployment assembly.

Referring to FIG. 6B in particular, plug housing 52 further includes ahousing door 58 for selectively enclosing battery 56 inside compartment54. Housing door 58 may be selectively secured to housing 52 using anysuitable structure such as, for example, mechanical fasteners, frictionor snap fit arrangement, tongue and groove configuration, etc.Regardless of the structure securing housing door 58 to housing 52, itis contemplated that the user will be able to access compartment 54 toswap out battery 56 as needed.

Providing a battery 56 within plug housing 52 obviates the need toprovide a generator having a suitable energy source for powering thepowered deployment assembly 80 (FIGS. 3 and 4), 180 (FIG. 5), e.g., inadditional to the bipolar and monopolar energy sources. Thus, forceps 10may be used in conjunction with any suitable generator that wouldlikewise be capable of powering a similar device having a manualdeployment assembly. Further, the positioning of battery 56 within plughousing 52, as opposed to on, in, or adjacent to housing 20, does notadd additional weight to forceps 10 (plug housing 52 will typically siton the table, stand, or other support surface supporting generator “G”)and, thus, does not further surgeon fatigue. In addition, theabove-detailed configuration enables battery 56 to be readily removedand replaced as necessary.

It is also contemplated that the plug assembly having plug housing 52with battery 56 therein be configured for powering any other suitablepowered mechanism of forceps 10 or any other suitable surgical device.Likewise, powered deployment assemblies 80, 180 are not limited to beingpowered by battery 56, but may be powered by any other suitable powersource.

The use and operation of forceps 10 in both the bipolar mode, e.g., forgrasping, treating and/or cutting tissue, and the monopolar mode, e.g.,for electrical/electromechanical tissue treatment, is described withreference to FIGS. 1-4 and 6A-6C. The use and operation of forceps 10 isdetailed below in conjunction with powered deployment assembly 80. Theuse and operation of forceps 10 in conjunction with powered deploymentassembly 180 (FIG. 5) is similar to that of powered deployment assembly80, except where specifically contradicted above with respect to thedescription of powered deployment assembly 180 (FIG. 5).

With respect to the use and operation of forceps 10 in the bipolar mode,reference is made to FIGS. 1 and 2A. Initially, actuator 84 is disposedin its proximal position adjacent proximal portion 86 a of guide 86,corresponding to the un-actuated position of powered deployment assembly80 and the storage position of monopolar assembly 200, whereininsulative sleeve 210 is positioned proximally of jaw members 110, 120,and electrically-conductive tip 224 of energizable member 220 isdisposed within insulative groove 126 of jaw flange 124 of jaw member120. At this point, movable handle 32 is disposed in its initialposition such that jaw members 110, 120 are disposed in the spaced-apartposition. Further, trigger 62 of trigger assembly 60 remains un-actuatedsuch that the knife remains disposed in its retracted position.

With jaw members 110, 120 disposed in the spaced-apart position (FIG.2A), end effector assembly 100 may be maneuvered into position such thattissue to be grasped, treated, e.g., sealed, and/or cut, is disposedbetween jaw members 110, 120. Next, movable handle 32 is depressed, orpulled proximally relative to fixed handle 34 such that jaw member 110is pivoted relative to jaw member 120 from the spaced-apart position tothe approximated position to grasp tissue therebetween, as shown in FIG.2B. In this approximated position, energy may be supplied, e.g., viaactivation of bipolar activation switch 4 a, to plate 112 of jaw member110 and/or plate 122 of jaw member 120 and conducted through tissue totreat tissue, e.g., to effect a tissue seal or otherwise treat tissue inthe bipolar mode of operation. Once tissue treatment is complete (or tocut untreated tissue), the knife (not shown) may be deployed from withinshaft 12 to between jaw members 110, 120, e.g., via actuation of trigger62 of trigger assembly 60, to cut tissue grasped between jaw members110, 120.

When tissue cutting is complete, trigger 62 may be released to returnthe knife (not shown) to the retracted position. Thereafter, movablehandle 32 may be released or returned to its initial position such thatjaw members 110, 120 are moved back to the spaced-apart position (FIG.2A) to release the treated and/or divided tissue.

For operation of forceps 10 in the monopolar mode, jaw members 110, 120are first moved to the approximated position, e.g., by depressingmovable handle 32 relative to fixed handle 34. Once the approximatedposition has been achieved, monopolar assembly 200 may be deployed andactivated by transitioning the powered deployment assembly 80 from theun-actuated condition to the actuated condition (FIG. 4). In order todeploy and activate monopolar assembly 200, monopolar activation switch4 b is activated to establish the magnetic field and move actuator 84 totranslate distally along guide 86 from the proximal position shown inFIG. 3 to the distal position shown in FIG. 4. This distal translationof actuator 84 (against the bias of biasing member 88) moves insulativesleeve 210 and energizable member 220 distally from their respectivestorage positions (FIGS. 2A and 2B) to their respective deployedpositions (FIG. 2D) relative to housing 20 and shaft 12, thustransitioning monopolar assembly 200 to the deployed position.

More specifically, when monopolar activation switch 4 b is activated,deployment circuit “DC” is in a closed condition, thereby allowingcurrent flow from the energy source, e.g., battery 56 or other suitableenergy source. As such, the magnetic field is produced around at least aportion of electromagnet 82. As discussed above, the magnetic field actson actuator 84 such that actuator 84 translates distally towardselectromagnet 82 (FIG. 4) against the bias of biasing member 88 todeploy monopolar assembly 200. Once the distal position of actuator 84is achieved, e.g., at distal portion 86 b of guide 86, actuator 84triggers distal sensor 40 b such that distal sensor 40 b communicateswith electrosurgical generator “G” to initiate the supply of monopolarvoltage-current to energizable member 220. In one embodiment,electrosurgical generator “G” continues to supply monopolarvoltage-current to energizable member 220 for a duration that monopolaractivation switch 4 b remains activated. Other additional or alternativeenergy delivery algorithms are also contemplated.

Upon deactivation, e.g., release, of monopolar activation switch 4 b,deployment circuit “DC” changes to an open condition and current flow isstopped. In this condition, there is no longer a magnetic field producedaround at least a portion of electromagnet 82 to attract actuator 84. Assuch, the bias of biasing member 88 urges actuator 84 proximally towardsproximal portion 86 a of guide 86 to return monopolar assembly 200 tothe storage position. When actuator 84 is adjacent proximal sensor 40 aand monopolar assembly 200 is in the storage position, sensor 40 acommunicates with electrosurgical generator “G” to terminate the supplyof monopolar voltage-current to energizable member 220. Alternatively,the supply of energy may be terminated as soon as monopolar assembly 200begins to be retracted from the deployed position, e.g., as soon asactuator 84 departs the distal position.

The various embodiments disclosed herein may also be configured to workwith robotic surgical systems and what is commonly referred to as“Telesurgery.” Such systems employ various robotic elements to assistthe surgeon and allow remote operation (or partial remote operation) ofsurgical instrumentation. Various robotic arms, gears, cams, pulleys,electric and mechanical motors, etc. may be employed for this purposeand may be designed with a robotic surgical system to assist the surgeonduring the course of an operation or treatment. Such robotic systems mayinclude remotely steerable systems, automatically flexible surgicalsystems, remotely flexible surgical systems, remotely articulatingsurgical systems, wireless surgical systems, modular or selectivelyconfigurable remotely operated surgical systems, etc.

The robotic surgical systems may be employed with one or more consolesthat are next to the operating theater or located in a remote location.In this instance, one team of surgeons or nurses may prep the patientfor surgery and configure the robotic surgical system with one or moreof the instruments disclosed herein while another surgeon (or group ofsurgeons) remotely control the instruments via the robotic surgicalsystem. As can be appreciated, a highly skilled surgeon may performmultiple operations in multiple locations without leaving his/her remoteconsole which can be both economically advantageous and a benefit to thepatient or a series of patients.

The robotic arms of the surgical system are typically coupled to a pairof master handles by a controller. The handles can be moved by thesurgeon to produce a corresponding movement of the working ends of anytype of surgical instrument (e.g., end effectors, graspers, knifes,scissors, etc.) which may complement the use of one or more of theembodiments described herein. The movement of the master handles may bescaled so that the working ends have a corresponding movement that isdifferent, smaller or larger, than the movement performed by theoperating hands of the surgeon. The scale factor or gearing ratio may beadjustable so that the operator can control the resolution of theworking ends of the surgical instrument(s).

The master handles may include various sensors to provide feedback tothe surgeon relating to various tissue parameters or conditions, e.g.,tissue resistance due to manipulation, cutting or otherwise treating,pressure by the instrument onto the tissue, tissue temperature, tissueimpedance, etc. As can be appreciated, such sensors provide the surgeonwith enhanced tactile feedback simulating actual operating conditions.The master handles may also include a variety of different actuators fordelicate tissue manipulation or treatment further enhancing thesurgeon's ability to mimic actual operating conditions.

From the foregoing and with reference to the various drawing figures,those skilled in the art will appreciate that certain modifications canalso be made to the present disclosure without departing from the scopeof the same. While several embodiments of the disclosure have been shownin the drawings, it is not intended that the disclosure be limitedthereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope asthe art will allow and that the specification be read likewise.Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting,but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments. Those skilledin the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spiritof the claims appended hereto.

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical instrument, comprising: a housing; anenergizable member configured to supply electrosurgical energy totissue, the energizable member movable relative to the housing between astorage position and a deployed position; a powered deployment assemblyconfigured to selectively move the energizable member between thestorage position and the deployed position, wherein the powereddeployment assembly includes a fixed guide and an actuator movablysupported within the fixed guide, the actuator coupled to theenergizable member and configured to move relative to the fixed guide toselectively move the energizable member between the storage position andthe deployed position, the actuator including a ferromagnetic materialand the powered deployment assembly including a magnet configured toactuate the actuator, the fixed guide extending between a proximalportion and a distal portion of the surgical instrument and the magnetbeing fixed to the distal portion of the fixed guide, and wherein theactuator is slidably disposed on the proximal portion of the fixedguide; and a cable assembly having a cable coupled to the housing at afirst end and having a plug coupled to the cable at a second, oppositeend, the cable housing one or more first wires for selectively providingelectrosurgical energy to the energizable member, the cable housing oneor more second wires for providing power to the powered deployedassembly, the plug configured to house a battery therein for poweringthe powered deployment assembly via the one or more second wires.
 2. Thesurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the magnet is anelectromagnet and wherein the energy source in the plug is configured toselectively provide energy to produce a magnetic field around at least aportion of the electromagnet.
 3. The surgical instrument according toclaim 1, wherein the powered deployment assembly further includes abiasing member disposed between the magnet and the actuator, the biasingmember configured to bias the magnet away from the actuator.
 4. Thesurgical instrument according to claim 1, further including a switchassembly operably coupled to the powered deployment assembly and adaptedto connect to a source of electrosurgical energy such that when theswitch is activated electrosurgical energy is supplied to theenergizable member when the energizable member is in the deployedposition.
 5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein thepowered deployment assembly includes a motor configured to drivemovement of the energizable member between the storage position and thedeployed position.
 6. A surgical instrument, comprising: a housing; anenergizable member configured to supply electrosurgical energy totissue, the energizable member movable relative to the housing between astorage position and a deployed position; a powered deployment assemblyconfigured to selectively move the energizable member between thestorage position and the deployed position, the powered deploymentassembly including: a fixed guide having a proximal portion and a distalportion; an electromagnet disposed in the housing and configured to beselectively energizable; an actuator disposed in the housing and movablerelative to the fixed guide along an axis between the proximal portionand the distal portion of the fixed guide, the actuator operably coupledto the energizable member; and a biasing member disposed between theelectromagnet and the actuator to bias the electromagnet and actuatorapart from one another, wherein energizing the electromagnet moves theactuator distally towards the electromagnet, thereby translating theenergizable member to the deployed position; and a switch disposed onthe housing and operably coupled to the powered deployment assembly forselectively energizing the electromagnet, wherein the electromagnet isfixed to the distal portion of the fixed guide and the actuator isslidably disposed on the proximal portion of the fixed guide.
 7. Thesurgical instrument according to claim 6, wherein the fixed guideincludes at least one stopper, the at least one stopper configured toprovide for controlled linear motion of the actuator.
 8. The surgicalinstrument according to claim 6, wherein a cable assembly is coupled tothe housing at a first end, and has a plug at a second, opposite end,the plug adapted to connect to an energy source for powering the powereddeployment assembly.
 9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8,wherein the plug houses a battery for powering the powered deploymentassembly.
 10. The surgical instrument according to claim 6, wherein theswitch assembly includes at least one sensor, the at least one sensoradapted to communicate with a source of electrosurgical energy toselectively supply electrosurgical energy to the energizable member whenthe energizable member is in the deployed position.